The quantum mechanical model of the atom is a more sophisticated model than the Bohr model that takes into account the principles of quantum mechanics. According to this model, electrons in an atom are described by wave functions that satisfy the Schrödinger equation.
The quantum mechanical model of the atom makes the following predictions:
Energy levels are quantized: Like the Bohr model, the quantum mechanical model predicts that the energy levels of electrons in an atom are quantized. However, unlike the Bohr model, the quantum mechanical model does not assume that electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleus. Instead, it describes electrons in terms of probability distributions.
Electrons have wave-like properties: The quantum mechanical model predicts that electrons have both particle-like and wave-like properties. The wave-like properties are described by wave functions, which represent the probability of finding an electron at a particular point in space.
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle applies: The quantum mechanical model predicts that the position and momentum of an electron cannot be simultaneously known with perfect accuracy. This is due to Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Electron spin is quantized: The quantum mechanical model predicts that electrons have a property called spin, which is quantized. This means that the spin of an electron can only take on certain discrete values.
Electron orbitals are defined: The quantum mechanical model predicts that electrons are not confined to specific orbits, but instead occupy three-dimensional regions of space around the nucleus called orbitals. The shape of the orbital is determined by the wave function, and the probability of finding an electron in the orbital is highest where the wave function has the greatest amplitude.
In summary, the quantum mechanical model of the atom provides a more complete and sophisticated description of atomic structure than the Bohr model. It takes into account the principles of quantum mechanics and predicts that electrons are described by wave functions, have wave-like properties, and occupy orbitals in three-dimensional space around the nucleus.
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